Predictors of acute insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic beyond perceived stress

Introduction Stress is a common precipitant of acute insomnia and likely contributed to increased reports of sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, many other sleep and lifestyle changes may have also precipitated acute insomnia. This study aimed to clarify which factors, beyond perceived stress, contributed to the development of acute insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study consisted of 578 participants with acute insomnia and 741 good sleepers. Participants completed an online survey assessing insomnia symptoms, sleep, lifestyle changes and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify contributing factors to acute insomnia when controlling for demographic differences between groups. Results Perceived stress was a significant predictor of acute insomnia during the pandemic (p<.001). However, after adjusting for stress, individuals who altered their sleep timing (p<.001) or increased their use of technology before bed (p=.037) during the pandemic were at a 3-fold increased risk of acute insomnia. Other sleep factors associated with acute insomnia included dream changes (p=.001), sleep effort (p<.001), and cognitive pre-sleep arousal (p<.001). For pandemic factors, being very worried about contracting COVID-19 (p<.002) and more stringent COVID-19 government restrictions (p<.001) increased the risk. Anxiety (p<.001) and depressive (p<.001) symptoms, as well as the personality trait of agreeableness (p=.010), also contributed to acute insomnia. Discussion To reduce acute insomnia during the COVID-19 pandemic, public health messaging should promote stress reduction and mental health care, but also modifiable behaviours such as keeping consistent sleep patterns and reducing technology use before bed.

Real time face mask detection using Python

Corona Virus or COVID-19 Disease is an infectious disease caused by newly discovered coronavirus. It caused a lot of damage to the Mankind around the world. It is also parallelly called as SARS-CoV-2 and was first reported in Wuhan City, China by the officials in December 2019. On 30 January 2020, the Director-General Tedros Adhanom of World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the coronavirus. Currently, many Pharma Companies aiming to develop vaccine to the COVID-19. To avoid being exposed to coronavirus, we must cover our nose and mouth with a mask, wash our hands frequently and avoid direct contact with the people who are already affected. This Paper aims to detect whether a person who is facing the camera is wearing a face mask or not in real time. Deep Learning is the best Technology present in the current Industry for its effectiveness in reorganization and classification using image processing. It proposes a retina face mask which a one stage detector and with further developments and modifications, this model can be used in Airports, Railway Stations and other highly crowed public areas.

Fallopian tube block induced secondary infertility in a case of unicornuate uterus treated successfully: A long covid sequalae?

Infertility arising from infections is alarming cause of secondary infertility which is growing in number by the day. Mullerian anomalies can result in female infertility. A unicornuate uterus with a rudimentary horn is an abnormality induced by a faulty mullerian duct fusion. On Hysterosalpingogram, the uterine cavity has a spindle-shaped that tapers at the tip and drains in to a single oviduct. A 30 years old female with secondary infertility post COVID 19 infection, which upon investigated turned out to be unicornuate uterus with single fallopian tube on left side cornual block visualized in fallopian tube. All the causes of fallopian tube block including pelvic inflammatory disease, tuberculosis, trauma and bacterial infections were ruled out yielding COVID19 as the probable cause of infertility. Fallopian tube cannulation was done following which she conceived spontaneously. Elective encirclage done at 12 weeks and she was asked to report at 37 completed weeks for cervical stitch removal. After that emergency LSCS done. She delivered baby boy of 2.7kg with APGAR score 9/10. We concluded that angiotensin convertase enzyme 2 receptor were present on the fallopian tube might be responsible for post COVID fallopian tube blockage which is a topic for further studies. Prompt detection and management of long COVID sequelae in the form of infertility, particularly in predisposed people who are more likely to develop such difficulties, is thus critical to preserve infertility.

Consensus statement on organ donation from COVID-positive deceased donors-Indian Society of Organ Transplantation, Liver Transplant Society of India and Indian Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation

COVID has drastically impacted organ donation across the world, leading to untold misery for thousands of patients who have been waiting for organs. Early rules on the use of organs from COVID positive or affected donors were stringent due to the fear of spread of disease or thrombotic complications in patients who received these organs. However much has changed in the past two years. Most of our adult population has either been infected with COVID, or has received two doses of vaccine, or both. The current variant, despite being more infective, is associated with mild disease, especially in those who have been vaccinated Our armamentarium against severe COVID has improved dramatically in the past year- we have effective vaccines, monoclonal antibodies for treatment of mild COVID in high risk patients and post exposure and antiviral prophylaxis and treatment which can substantially reduce the risk of severe COVID requiring ICU admission. The risk of transmission of COVID infection has to be balanced against the risk of patients dying with end organ disease. We will have to learn to live with COVID- this also means investigating whether organs from donors who are, or have been COVID positive can be used with acceptable risk -benefit in selected patients with end stage organ failure. This document is a summary of evidence and information regarding donor screening for SARS-CoV-2 and considerations for organ acceptance from donors with a history of COVID-19.

SOT Consensus Statement for the Kidney Transplant Recipient and Living Donor with a Previous Diagnosis of COVID-19

The National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) has previously published transplant-specific guidelines with reference to COVID-19.([1]) The mortality is higher in dialysis patients with COVID-19 (12%-30%) than posttransplant COVID-19 patients (11.3%) and both are higher than the general population (<2%) in India.([2-5]) With the resumption of the kidney transplant program in various parts of India, new issues are expected to occur. There is uncertainty, regarding the safety of performing kidney,([ 6-8]) liver,([9-12]) and lunge([13]) transplantation in a recipient recently recovered from COVID-19. At present, we have limited evidence-based information about safety and feasibility of kidney transplantation from living donors, who have recovered from COVID-19.([4]) Recently, Indian Multi-center cohort studies have reported successful kidney transplantation in recipients from living donors with a previous diagnosis of COVID-19.([15, 16])

Notto covid-19 vaccine guidelines for transplant recipients

In December 2019, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection started in Wuhan and resulted in a pandemic within a few weeks' time. Organ transplant recipients being at a risk for more severe COVID-19 if they get SARS CoV-2 viral infection, COVID-19 vaccine has a significant role in these patients. The vaccine is a safer way to help build protection and would either prevent COVID-19 infection or at least diminish the severity of the disease. It would also reduce the risk of the continuing transmission and enhance herd immunity. Immuno-compromised patients should not receive live vaccines as they can cause vaccine-related disease and hence the guidelines suggest that all transplant recipients should receive age-appropriate 'inactivated vaccine' as recommended for general population. Though trials have not been undertaken on transplant recipients, efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccine have been scientifically documented for few vaccines among the general population.

NOTTO COVID-19 vaccine guidelines for transplant recipients

In December 2019 Novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) infection started in Wuhan and resulted in a pandemic within few weeks' time. Organ transplant recipients being at a risk for more severe COVID-19 if they get SARS CoV-2 viral infection, COVID 19 Vaccine has a significant role in these patients. The vaccine is a safer way to help build protection and would either prevent COVID -19 infection or atleast diminish the severity of the disease. It would also reduce the risk of the continuing transmission and enhance herd immunity. Immuno compromised patients should not receive live vaccines as they can cause vaccine related disease and hence the guidelines suggest that all transplant recipients should receive age appropriate 'inactivated vaccine' as recommended for general population. Though trials have not been undertaken on transplant recipients, efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccine have been scientifically documented for few vaccines among the general population. © 2021 Indian Journal of Transplantation ;Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow.